So in this blog, we decided to list down the six common factors that you must consider while selecting the technology stack for your project. We have also curated a list of the technology stack used by major applications in the market but first, let\u2019s understand what exactly does a technology stack mean.<\/p>
<\/br>
What is a Technology Stack?<\/h2>\n
A technology stack can be defined as a combination of technology & tools, frameworks, programming language and\u00a0APIs used for developing a mobile or web application. These stacks can be divided into two parts \u2014 frontend and backend \u2014 which both together is known as full-stack. Let\u2019s understand it in detail.<\/p>\n
![\"What](\"https:\/\/www.techuz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Technology-Stack.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
<\/h3>\nTechnology Stack for Front-End<\/h3>\n
Front-end or client-side is the interface that the user sees and interacts with. The front-end stack basically comprises of three things \u2014 HTML, CSS and JavaScript.<\/p>\n
- \n
- Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)<\/strong> is the basic coding language to create web content to be displayed in the browser.<\/li>\n
- CSS<\/strong> is another language that works along HTML to define the layout, fonts, colors, etc. of the web content.<\/li>\n
- JavaScript<\/strong> is language responsible for making the web pages interactive<\/a>. Elements such as dropdown menus, functional animations, smooth scrolls, etc. are made using JavaScript.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Apart from these basic front-end languages, there are varied frameworks and libraries included in the stack such as Bootstrap, Angular<\/a>, React.js<\/a>, Vue.js<\/a>, Backbone, Ember and more that makes the development fast and efficient.<\/p>
<\/br>Technology Stack for Back-End<\/h3>\n
Backend is the portion of the application that works under the hood \u2014 that the user can\u2019t see but powers the application. It consists of business logic, database and the web server. There are a number of programming languages, databases and servers used for different projects and their needs. Here are some of them that are being prominently used.<\/p>
<\/br>Programming Language<\/h4>\n
- \n
- JavaScript<\/strong> – Node.js is a JavaScript runtime built on Chrome\u2019s V8 engine and known for being asynchronous, event-driven and nonblocking. Its introduction has made it possible to use JavaScript for both frontend and backend of the application and is getting highly popular among developers. Express.js, Meteor, Hapi.js and AdonisJS are some of the popular Node.js frameworks<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>
<\/br>- \n
- PHP<\/strong> – PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is an open-source server-side scripting language developed specifically for the web. This programming language is more than two decades old and powers the majority of the websites on the internet. In fact, \u00a0a survey by W3Tech<\/a> shows that almost 79% \u00a0of the websites in their data are made with PHP. \u00a0When it comes to frameworks, PHP has a vast array, catering varied needs such as Laravel, Yii and Codeigniter for custom app development; Magento, Shopify and WooCommerce for e-commerce while WordPress for content management systems.<\/li>\n<\/ul>
<\/br>- \n
- Ruby<\/strong> – Ruby is another open-source server-side programming language that focuses on simplicity and productivity with its elegant syntax to make the reading and writing of the code easier. Ruby on Rails, Sinatra and Cuba are some of its frameworks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>
<\/br>Database<\/h4>\n
The database is the part of the backend where the application\u2019s data is stored. Its main function is to store, manage and retrieve the data whenever needed. The database can be divided into two types, i.e. rational and non-rational. Here are some of the popular ones:<\/p>\n
- \n
- MySQL<\/li>\n
- PostgreSQL<\/li>\n
- MongoDB<\/li>\n
- Neo4j<\/li>\n
- Redis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Web Server<\/h4>\n
A web server is a system that handles the user\u2019s request and delivers the content over the internet. Apache, Nginx and IIS (Internet Information Services) are the widely used web servers.<\/p>
<\/br>The collection of all these programming languages, database, frameworks, servers and tool used to develop the application is called a technology stack. You might have heard about LAMP, MEAN or MERN, these are the technology stacks. The following explains what technologies are included in these stacks.<\/p>\n
LAMP<\/strong>\u00a0 – LAMP stands for Linux (operating system), Apache (server), MySQL (database), PHP or Perl (programming language).<\/p>\n
Python-Django tech stack<\/strong> – Python language is used along with Django framework for server-side development. This stack generally includes Apache and MySQL or PostgreSQL.<\/p>\n
MEAN\/MERN<\/strong> – MEAN or MERN stack stands for MongoDB (database), Express (Node.js framework), Angular\/React (frontend framework) and Node.js (JavaScript runtime environment). This is a modern web development stack widely used for building swift and real-time applications.<\/p>\n
<\/h1>\n
Tips to Select the Right Technology Stack<\/h2>\n
Understand the Type and Requirements of the Application<\/h3>\n
The basic and essentially the most important criteria while selecting a tech stack is to understand the needs and type of your project. That\u2019s why we recommend you to drill down to the project at a micro level that\u2019ll help you understand your project in a better way. The project can be divided into three types based on their complexity and size.<\/p>\n
Simple projects<\/h4>\n
Simple and small scale projects such as one-page applications (a product configurator) or a minimum viable product. These generally require basic technologies to fulfill the front-end and back-end requirements.<\/p>\n
Mid-level applications<\/h4>\n
Web applications with some advanced features such as e-commerce stores and applications with mid-level complexity require a comparatively more sophisticated technology stack.<\/p>\n
Large-scale applications<\/h4>\n
Huge large scale applications with complex project requirements such as complex marketplace require highly sophisticated technology. These type of applications may need multiple layers of frameworks and are built to perform under high-performance circumstances.<\/p>\n
How Much Does a Website Cost? A Detailed Guide for Website and Web App Pricing<\/a><\/h6>
<\/br>Keep in Mind the Time to Market<\/h3>\n
Time to market is another crucial factor to consider while selecting the technology stack. The technology stack you select affects the\u00a0time to develop and deliver the product. Here are some of the things that you need to consider while selecting the stack for quick time to market.<\/p>\n
Third-party integration<\/h4>\n
Integration of ready-made third-party solutions instead of building it from scratch makes the development process faster. If quick time to market is your goal, integration of third-party modules can help you achieve that. So make sure the frameworks and technology you select have varied options for third-party integration.<\/p>\n
Resources availability<\/h4>\n
You must also ensure that the stack has the availability of developers. Before going for the stack, check whether reliable and expert developers related to the technology are available in the market. This is extremely essential as you\u2019ll not only need the resources for development but also for scaling and maintenance.<\/p>\n
Documentation and community support<\/h4>\n
Good documentation and active community support make the technology reliable. Make sure the tools and technology in your stack have comprehensive documentation and a good developer\u2019s community that helps you to produce good code and solve the complex issue when arises.<\/p>
<\/br>Your Budget and Development Cost<\/h3>\n
Everything comes at a cost and application development is no exception. The technology stack you select affects the cost of development. The web app domain is saturated with myriad technologies and frameworks that have different cost in terms of developer salaries and the maintenance.<\/p>\n
Developer salaries<\/strong> – Developer salaries depend on the technology they work on and the level of expertise. So keep in mind that the more sophisticated stack is the higher will be the cost. The following graph shows the development rates charged for different technologies around the world.<\/p>\n
![\"What](\"https:\/\/www.techuz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Angular-React-and-Vue.jpg\")
<\/p>\n(Hourly rate of Angular, React.js and Vue.js\u00a0 developers around the world)<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n
![\"What](\"https:\/\/www.techuz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/PHP-Node.js-and-ROR.jpg\")
<\/p>\n(Hourly rate of PHP, Node and Ruby on Rails developers around the world)<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n
However, in India developers charge comparatively way less for the same technologies. Here’re the average Indian hourly rates for the same technologies.<\/p>
<\/br>\n
- Ruby<\/strong> – Ruby is another open-source server-side programming language that focuses on simplicity and productivity with its elegant syntax to make the reading and writing of the code easier. Ruby on Rails, Sinatra and Cuba are some of its frameworks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>
- PHP<\/strong> – PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is an open-source server-side scripting language developed specifically for the web. This programming language is more than two decades old and powers the majority of the websites on the internet. In fact, \u00a0a survey by W3Tech<\/a> shows that almost 79% \u00a0of the websites in their data are made with PHP. \u00a0When it comes to frameworks, PHP has a vast array, catering varied needs such as Laravel, Yii and Codeigniter for custom app development; Magento, Shopify and WooCommerce for e-commerce while WordPress for content management systems.<\/li>\n<\/ul>
- CSS<\/strong> is another language that works along HTML to define the layout, fonts, colors, etc. of the web content.<\/li>\n
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